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  Strong increase of racist tweets outside of climate comfort zone in Europe

Stechemesser, A., Wenz, L., Kotz, M., Levermann, A. (2021): Strong increase of racist tweets outside of climate comfort zone in Europe. - Environmental Research Letters, 16, 11, 114001.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac28b3

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 Creators:
Stechemesser, Annika1, Author              
Wenz, Leonie1, Author              
Kotz, Maximilian1, Author              
Levermann, Anders1, Author              
Affiliations:
1Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, ou_persistent13              

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 Abstract: Ambient temperature has been identified as a potential cause for human conflict in a variety of studies. Conflict is no longer limited to the physical space but exists in the form of hate and discrimination on social media. Here we provide evidence that the amount of racist and xenophobic content posted to the social media platform Twitter is nonlinearly influenced by temperature. Exploiting the linguistic plurality of Europe, we statistically analyse daily temperature data and more than 10 million racist tweets from six different countries spanning several climate zones for the years 2012-2018. Using a fixed-effects panel regression model that utilizes exogenous variation in local weather and controls for unobserved omitted variables, we identify the effect of population-weighted daily average temperature on the daily number of racist tweets and likes. We find a quasi-quadratic temperature response of racist tweets that is inversely proportional to the temperature distribution. Fewest racist tweets and likes are found for daily average temperatures between 5°C and 11°C, i.e. temperatures that are frequently experienced. Temperatures warmer or colder than that are associated with steep, nonlinear increases. Analyses at the country-level confirm this climate comfort zone of 5°C to 11°C across different European climatic zones. In the Southern European countries this is colder than the most frequently experienced temperatures, pointing to possible limits of adaptation. Within the next 30 years, the number of days outside this climate comfort zone, weighted by the identified temperature-racist-tweet response curve, will increase across parts of Europe, indicating that rising temperatures could aggravate xenophobia and racism in social media.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2021-09-212021-09-212021-11
 Publication Status: Finally published
 Pages: 12
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac28b3
PIKDOMAIN: RD4 - Complexity Science
Organisational keyword: RD4 - Complexity Science
Working Group: Data-based analysis of climate decisions
MDB-ID: yes - 3228
DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac28b3
OATYPE: Gold Open Access
Research topic keyword: Climate impacts
Research topic keyword: Security & Migration
Regional keyword: Europe
Model / method: Machine Learning
Model / method: Nonlinear Data Analysis
Model / method: Quantitative Methods
 Degree: -

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Project name : Impact of intensified weather extremes on Europe's economy (ImpactEE)
Grant ID : Az. 93350
Funding program : Europe and Global Challenges
Funding organization : VolkswagenStiftung

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Title: Environmental Research Letters
Source Genre: Journal, SCI, Scopus, p3, oa
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Publ. Info: -
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 16 (11) Sequence Number: 114001 Start / End Page: - Identifier: CoNE: https://publications.pik-potsdam.de/cone/journals/resource/150326
Publisher: IOP Publishing