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  Basin stability and limit cycles in a conceptual model for climate tipping cascades

Wunderling, N., Gelbrecht, M., Winkelmann, R., Kurths, J., Donges, J. F. (2020): Basin stability and limit cycles in a conceptual model for climate tipping cascades. - New Journal of Physics, 22, 123031.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/abc98a

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 Creators:
Wunderling, Nico1, Author              
Gelbrecht, Maximilian1, Author              
Winkelmann, Ricarda1, Author              
Kurths, Jürgen1, Author              
Donges, Jonathan Friedemann1, Author              
Affiliations:
1Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, ou_persistent13              

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 Abstract: Tipping elements in the climate system are large-scale subregions of the Earth that might possess threshold behavior under global warming with large potential impacts on human societies. Here, we study a subset of five tipping elements and their interactions in a conceptual and easily extendable framework: the Greenland Ice Sheets (GIS) and West Antarctic Ice Sheets, the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), the El–Niño Southern Oscillation and the Amazon rainforest. In this nonlinear and multistable system, we perform a basin stability analysis to detect its stable states and their associated Earth system resilience. By combining these two methodologies with a large-scale Monte Carlo approach, we are able to propagate the many uncertainties associated with the critical temperature thresholds and the interaction strengths of the tipping elements. Using this approach, we perform a system-wide and comprehensive robustness analysis with more than 3.5 billion ensemble members. Further, we investigate dynamic regimes where some of the states lose stability and oscillations appear using a newly developed basin bifurcation analysis methodology. Our results reveal that the state of four or five tipped elements has the largest basin volume for large levels of global warming beyond 4 °C above pre-industrial climate conditions, representing a highly undesired state where a majority of the tipping elements reside in the transitioned regime. For lower levels of warming, states including disintegrated ice sheets on west Antarctica and Greenland have higher basin volume than other state configurations. Therefore in our model, we find that the large ice sheets are of particular importance for Earth system resilience. We also detect the emergence of limit cycles for 0.6% of all ensemble members at rare parameter combinations. Such limit cycle oscillations mainly occur between the GIS and AMOC (86%), due to their negative feedback coupling. These limit cycles point to possibly dangerous internal modes of variability in the climate system that could have played a role in paleoclimatic dynamics such as those unfolding during the Pleistocene ice age cycles.

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 Dates: 2020-11-092020-12-212020-12-21
 Publication Status: Finally published
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: MDB-ID: yes - 3081
PIKDOMAIN: RD1 - Earth System Analysis
PIKDOMAIN: RD4 - Complexity Science
Organisational keyword: RD1 - Earth System Analysis
Organisational keyword: RD4 - Complexity Science
Organisational keyword: FutureLab - Earth Resilience in the Anthropocene
Research topic keyword: Complex Networks
Research topic keyword: Ice
Research topic keyword: Nonlinear Dynamics
Research topic keyword: Tipping Elements
Regional keyword: Global
Model / method: Open Source Software
Model / method: Nonlinear Data Analysis
DOI: 10.1088/1367-2630/abc98a
Working Group: Ice Dynamics
Working Group: Whole Earth System Analysis
Working Group: Dynamics, stability and resilience of complex hybrid infrastructure networks
 Degree: -

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Title: New Journal of Physics
Source Genre: Journal, SCI, Scopus, p3, oa
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Pages: - Volume / Issue: 22 Sequence Number: 123031 Start / End Page: - Identifier: CoNE: https://publications.pik-potsdam.de/cone/journals/resource/1911272
Publisher: IOP Publishing