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  Trade-offs between land and water requirements for large-scale bioenergy production

Bonsch, M., Humpenöder, F., Popp, A., Bodirsky, B. L., Dietrich, J. P., Rolinski, S., Biewald, A., Lotze-Campen, H., Weindl, I., Gerten, D., Stevanović, M. (2016): Trade-offs between land and water requirements for large-scale bioenergy production. - Global Change Biology Bioenergy, 8, 1, 11-24.
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12226

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 Creators:
Bonsch, Markus1, Author              
Humpenöder, Florian1, Author              
Popp, Alexander1, Author              
Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon1, Author              
Dietrich, Jan Philipp1, Author              
Rolinski, Susanne1, Author              
Biewald, Anne1, Author              
Lotze-Campen, Hermann1, Author              
Weindl, Isabelle1, Author              
Gerten, Dieter1, Author              
Stevanović, Miodrag1, Author              
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1Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, ou_persistent13              

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Free keywords: bioenergy, land, land-use model, projection, sustainability, water, water-land nexus
 Abstract: Bioenergy is expected to play an important role in the future energy mix as it can substitute fossil fuels and contribute to climate change mitigation. However, large‐scale bioenergy cultivation may put substantial pressure on land and water resources. While irrigated bioenergy production can reduce the pressure on land due to higher yields, associated irrigation water requirements may lead to degradation of freshwater ecosystems and to conflicts with other potential users. In this article, we investigate the trade‐offs between land and water requirements of large‐scale bioenergy production. To this end, we adopt an exogenous demand trajectory for bioenergy from dedicated energy crops, targeted at limiting greenhouse gas emissions in the energy sector to 1100 Gt carbon dioxide equivalent until 2095. We then use the spatially explicit global land‐ and water‐use allocation model MA gPIE to project the implications of this bioenergy target for global land and water resources. We find that producing 300 EJ yr−1 of bioenergy in 2095 from dedicated bioenergy crops is likely to double agricultural water withdrawals if no explicit water protection policies are implemented. Since current human water withdrawals are dominated by agriculture and already lead to ecosystem degradation and biodiversity loss, such a doubling will pose a severe threat to freshwater ecosystems. If irrigated bioenergy production is prohibited to prevent negative impacts of bioenergy cultivation on water resources, bioenergy land requirements for meeting a 300 EJ yr−1 bioenergy target increase substantially (+ 41%) – mainly at the expense of pasture areas and tropical forests. Thus, avoiding negative environmental impacts of large‐scale bioenergy production will require policies that balance associated water and land requirements.

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 Dates: 2016
 Publication Status: Finally published
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1111/gcbb.12226
PIKDOMAIN: Earth System Analysis - Research Domain I
PIKDOMAIN: Climate Impacts & Vulnerabilities - Research Domain II
PIKDOMAIN: Sustainable Solutions - Research Domain III
eDoc: 6623
Research topic keyword: CO2 Removal
Research topic keyword: Land use
Research topic keyword: Mitigation
Research topic keyword: Sustainable Development
Research topic keyword: Food & Agriculture
Model / method: MAgPIE
Regional keyword: Global
Organisational keyword: RD3 - Transformation Pathways
Organisational keyword: RD2 - Climate Resilience
Working Group: Terrestrial Safe Operating Space
Working Group: Land Use and Resilience
Working Group: Research Software Engineering for Transformation Pathways
Working Group: Land-Use Management
 Degree: -

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Title: Global Change Biology Bioenergy
Source Genre: Journal, SCI, Scopus, p3, GCB bioenergy
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Pages: - Volume / Issue: 8 (1) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 11 - 24 Identifier: CoNE: https://publications.pik-potsdam.de/cone/journals/resource/140715