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  Understanding each other's models: an introduction and a standard representation of 16 global water models to support intercomparison, improvement, and communication

Telteu, C.-E., Müller Schmied, H., Thiery, W., Leng, G., Burek, P., Liu, X., Boulange, J. E. S., Andersen, L., Grillakis, M., Gosling, S. N., Satoh, Y., Rakovec, O., Stacke, T., Chang, J., Wanders, N., Shah, H. L., Trautmann, T., Mao, G., Hanasaki, N., Koutroulis, A., Pokhrel, Y., Samaniego, L., Wada, Y., Mishra, V., Liu, J., Döll, P., Zhao, F., Gädeke, A., Rabin, S. S., Herz, F. (2021): Understanding each other's models: an introduction and a standard representation of 16 global water models to support intercomparison, improvement, and communication. - Geoscientific Model Development, 14, 6, 3843-3878.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3843-2021

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 Creators:
Telteu, Camelia-Eliza1, Author
Müller Schmied, Hannes1, Author
Thiery, Wim1, Author
Leng, Guoyong1, Author
Burek, Peter1, Author
Liu, Xingcai1, Author
Boulange, Julien Eric Stanislas1, Author
Andersen, Lauren2, Author              
Grillakis, Manolis1, Author
Gosling, Simon Newland 1, Author
Satoh, Yusuke1, Author
Rakovec, Oldrich 1, Author
Stacke, Tobias1, Author
Chang, Jinfeng1, Author
Wanders, Niko1, Author
Shah, Harsh Lovekumar1, Author
Trautmann, Tim1, Author
Mao, Ganquan1, Author
Hanasaki, Naota1, Author
Koutroulis, Aristeidis1, Author
Pokhrel, Yadu1, AuthorSamaniego, Luis1, AuthorWada, Yoshihide1, AuthorMishra, Vimal1, AuthorLiu, Junguo1, AuthorDöll, Petra1, AuthorZhao, Fang1, AuthorGädeke, Anne2, Author              Rabin, Sam S.1, AuthorHerz, Florian1, Author more..
Affiliations:
1External Organizations, ou_persistent22              
2Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, ou_persistent13              

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 Abstract: Global water models (GWMs) simulate the terrestrial water cycle, on the global scale, and are used to assess the impacts of climate change on freshwater systems. GWMs are developed within different modeling frameworks and consider different underlying hydrological processes, leading to varied model structures. Furthermore, the equations used to describe various processes take different forms and are generally accessible only from within the individual model codes. These factors have hindered a holistic and detailed understanding of how different models operate, yet such an understanding is crucial for explaining the results of model evaluation studies, understanding inter-model differences in their simulations, and identifying areas for future model development. This study provides a comprehensive overview of how state-of-the-art GWMs are designed. We analyze water storage compartments, water flows, and human water use sectors included in 16 GWMs that provide simulations for the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project phase 2b (ISIMIP2b). We develop a standard writing style for the model equations to further enhance model improvement, intercomparison, and communication. In this study, WaterGAP2 used the highest number of water storage compartments, 11, and CWatM used 10 compartments. Seven models used six compartments, while three models (JULES-W1, Mac-PDM.20, and VIC) used the lowest number, three compartments. WaterGAP2 simulates five human water use sectors, while four models (CLM4.5, CLM5.0, LPJmL, and MPI-HM) simulate only water used by humans for the irrigation sector. We conclude that even though hydrologic processes are often based on similar equations, in the end, these equations have been adjusted or have used different values for specific parameters or specific variables. Our results highlight that the predictive uncertainty of GWMs can be reduced through improvements of the existing hydrologic processes, implementation of new processes in the models, and high-quality input data.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2020-09-022021-05-122021-05-122021-06-24
 Publication Status: Finally published
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.5194/gmd-14-3843-2021
MDB-ID: No data to archive
PIKDOMAIN: RD1 - Earth System Analysis
PIKDOMAIN: RD2 - Climate Resilience
Organisational keyword: RD1 - Earth System Analysis
Organisational keyword: RD2 - Climate Resilience
Working Group: Terrestrial Safe Operating Space
Research topic keyword: Freshwater
Regional keyword: Global
Model / method: LPJmL
Model / method: Model Intercomparison
Working Group: Hydroclimatic Risks
OATYPE: Gold Open Access
 Degree: -

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Title: Geoscientific Model Development
Source Genre: Journal, SCI, Scopus, p3, oa
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Pages: - Volume / Issue: 14 (6) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 3843 - 3878 Identifier: CoNE: https://publications.pik-potsdam.de/cone/journals/resource/journals185
Publisher: Copernicus