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  Climate effects on archaic human habitats and species successions

Timmermann, A., Yun, K.-S., Raia, P., Ruan, J., Mondanaro, A., Zeller, E., Zollikofer, C., Ponce de León, M., Lemmon, D., Willeit, M., Ganopolski, A. (2022): Climate effects on archaic human habitats and species successions. - Nature, 604, 7906, 495-501.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04600-9

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Timmermann, A.1, Author
Yun , K.-S.1, Author
Raia, P.1, Author
Ruan, J.1, Author
Mondanaro, A.1, Author
Zeller, E.1, Author
Zollikofer, C.1, Author
Ponce de León, M.1, Author
Lemmon, D.1, Author
Willeit, Matteo2, Author              
Ganopolski, Andrey2, Author              
Affiliations:
1External Organizations, ou_persistent22              
2Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, ou_persistent13              

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 Abstract: It has long been believed that climate shifts during the last 2 million years had a pivotal role in the evolution of our genus Homo. However, given the limited number of representative palaeo-climate datasets from regions of anthropological interest, it has remained challenging to quantify this linkage. Here, we use an unprecedented transient Pleistocene coupled general circulation model simulation in combination with an extensive compilation of fossil and archaeological records to study the spatiotemporal habitat suitability for five hominin species over the past 2 million years. We show that astronomically forced changes in temperature, rainfall and terrestrial net primary production had a major impact on the observed distributions of these species. During the Early Pleistocene, hominins settled primarily in environments with weak orbital-scale climate variability. This behaviour changed substantially after the mid-Pleistocene transition, when archaic humans became global wanderers who adapted to a wide range of spatial climatic gradients. Analysis of the simulated hominin habitat overlap from approximately 300–400 thousand years ago further suggests that antiphased climate disruptions in southern Africa and Eurasia contributed to the evolutionary transformation of Homo heidelbergensis populations into Homo sapiens and Neanderthals, respectively. Our robust numerical simulations of climate-induced habitat changes provide a framework to test hypotheses on our human origin.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2022-03-012022-04-132022-04-21
 Publication Status: Finally published
 Pages: 23
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: PIKDOMAIN: RD1 - Earth System Analysis
Organisational keyword: RD1 - Earth System Analysis
Research topic keyword: Paleoclimate
Model / method: CLIMBER
Model / method: SICOPOLIS
MDB-ID: No data to archive
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04600-9
OATYPE: Hybrid Open Access
 Degree: -

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Title: Nature
Source Genre: Journal, SCI, Scopus, p3
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Pages: - Volume / Issue: 604 (7906) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 495 - 501 Identifier: CoNE: https://publications.pik-potsdam.de/cone/journals/resource/journals353
Publisher: Nature