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Free keywords:
Climate
Bend the Cure
One Earth
Biodiversity
Climate Crisis
Nature
Abstract:
Despite decades of increasing investment in conservation, we have not succeeded in ‘‘bending the curve’’ of
biodiversity decline. Efforts to meet new targets and goals for the next three decades risk repeating this
outcome due to three factors: neglect of increasing drivers of decline; unrealistic expectations and time
frames of biodiversity recovery; and insufficient attention to justice within and between generations and
across countries. Our Earth system justice approach identifies six sets of actions that when tackled simulta-
neously address these failings: (1) reduce and reverse direct and indirect drivers causing decline; (2) halt and
reverse biodiversity loss; (3) restore and regenerate biodiversity to a safe state; (4) raise minimum wellbeing
for all; (5) eliminate over-consumption and excesses associated with accumulation of capital; and (6) uphold
and respect the rights and responsibilities of all communities, present and future. Current conservation cam-
paigns primarily address actions 2 and 3, with urgent upscaling of actions 1, 4, 5, and 6 needed to help deliver
the post-2020 global biodiversity framework.
