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Black-Box Impedance Prediction of Grid-Tied VSCs Under Variable Operating Conditions

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Qiu,  Qi
External Organizations;

Huang,  Yifan
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Ma,  Rui
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/persons/resource/Juergen.Kurths

Kurths,  Jürgen
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

Zhan,  Meng
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27044oa.pdf
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Qiu, Q., Huang, Y., Ma, R., Kurths, J., Zhan, M. (2022): Black-Box Impedance Prediction of Grid-Tied VSCs Under Variable Operating Conditions. - IEEE Access, 10, 1289-1304.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3139435


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Impedance/admittance models (IM/AMs) have been widely used to analyze the small-signal stability of grid-tied power electronic devices, such as the voltage source converter (VSC). They can be either derived from theoretical analysis under white-box conditions, where all parameters and control structures are fully known, or measured based on experiments under black-box conditions, where the topology and parameters of the controllers are completely unknown. As the IM/AMs depend on specific operating conditions, it is highly desirable to develop fast algorithms for IM/AM prediction (or estimation) under the black-box and variable-operating-point conditions. This article extends the nearly-decoupled AM method for sequence AMs proposed recently by Liu et al to fit any unknown control structure, including not only grid-following VSC, but also grid-forming VSC. It is, therefore, referred to as the fully-decoupled IM (FDIM) method. Furthermore, a curve fitting method for the transfer function is proposed to expedite the algorithm, based on the information of a few disturbance frequencies only. Finally, the algorithm is verified by wide simulations and experiments under different situations, including the direct-drive wind turbine generator. The whole approach is expected to be broadly applicable to the stability analysis of power-electronic-based power systems under variable operating conditions.