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On the dynamics of equatorial excited dipolar systems

Urheber*innen

Cao,  Y.
External Organizations;

Kurganov,  A.
External Organizations;

Liu,  Y.
External Organizations;

/persons/resource/rostami

Rostami,  Masoud
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

Zeitlin,  V.
External Organizations;

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Zitation

Cao, Y., Kurganov, A., Liu, Y., Rostami, M., Zeitlin, V. (2025): On the dynamics of equatorial excited dipolar systems. - Physics of Fluids, 37, 5, 056618.
https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0270628


Zitierlink: https://publications.pik-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_32316
Zusammenfassung
We consider the two-layer moist-convective thermal rotating shallow water equations and design a flux globalization-based, well-balanced, path-conservative central-upwind numerical scheme for the studied model. We use the developed scheme to conduct a series of numerical simulations and report the observation of eastward-propagating excited dipolar systems. These systems are characterized by one or more convectively coupled, poorly isolated dipolar fronts, primarily driven by the equatorial adjustment of large-scale localized positive buoyancy or potential temperature anomalies on the equatorial beta plane. A formation of these dynamic structures is triggered when disturbances exceed a critical threshold in a moist-convective environment. Notably, during the evolution of cyclones, secondary counter-rotating anticyclones develop in the lower layer, while oppositely signed structures emerge in the upper layer, highlighting the system's vertical coupling. A significant finding of our experiments is the identification of a time lag mechanism, observable even under weaker moist-convective conditions, between the initial state and the system reaching the excited threshold required for eastward propagation. This time lag underscores a critical build-up phase, during which the system accumulates the necessary energy and momentum to transition into a dynamically active state.