Eastern healthy dietary patterns in relation to all-cause mortality

Wang, Xiaoxi; Xuan, Jiaqi; Chen, Hui; Lin, Bin; Yuan, Changzheng

doi:10.1007/s00394-025-03807-6

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Eastern healthy dietary patterns in relation to all-cause mortality

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Wang, Xiaoxi
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

Xuan, Jiaqi
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Chen, Hui
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Lin, Bin
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Yuan, Changzheng
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Wang, X., Xuan, J., Chen, H., Lin, B., Yuan, C. (2025): Eastern healthy dietary patterns in relation to all-cause mortality. - European Journal of Nutrition, 64, 286.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-025-03807-6

Cite as: https://publications.pik-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_33775

Abstract

Purpose: Existing studies have mainly focused on healthy dietary patterns proposed based on Western populations, whereas the Eastern healthy dietary patterns (EHDP) recommended by the Chinese Dietary Guidelines have been rarely studied. This study aimed to investigate the association of the EHDP with all-cause mortality among Chinese adults.

Methods: This study used cohort data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS, with seven waves collected from 1997 to 2015). 10,436 participants aged over 18 years were included in our analysis. Adherence to the EHDP was evaluated in terms of the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) and the Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI). Time-varying Cox regression models were adopted to investigate the association between the EHDP and mortality.

Results: A higher DDS was associated with reduced mortality risk. Compared with the lowest tertile, participants with the highest tertile of DDS had a 38% decreased risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 0.62, 95% CI 0.46, 0.84). Increasing CHEI was also associated with a lower risk of mortality. Each ten-unit increase in CHEI was associated with a reduction of the mortality risk by 18% (HR: 0.82, 95% CI 0.75, 0.89). We further examined the combined associations between DDS, CHEI, and mortality. Dividing the participants into four groups based on the median values of DDS and CHEI, the group with both DDS and CHEI above the median had a lower risk of mortality than the group with lower DDS and CHEI.

Conclusion: Adherence to the EHDP was associated with a reduced risk of mortality among Chinese adults.