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Abstract

Model predictions are essential to understand how climate and land management affect soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and greenhouse gases (GHGs). However, large uncertainties remain, and multi-model ensembles are a key approach to account for the uncertainty associated with model structure.
We present me4soc (Multi-model Ensemble interface for Soil Organic Carbon predictions), an open-source web application designed to simulate SOC stocks and GHG fluxes at mineral-soil forest sites under varying climate, land-use, and management scenarios. The platform runs six SOC models, using either user-supplied observations or preprocessed open-access European datasets. Simulations incorporate projections from Earth System Models to account for future climate and land-use trajectories. Developed in Shiny (R), me4soc simulates the temporal dynamics of site-level SOC stocks and GHG emissions and allows to quantify the uncertainty linked to model structure. It is intended for researchers and forest managers to support decision-making by examining how climate-smart management can affect forest soils through changes in plant litter inputs.