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Journal Article

Balancing land use for conservation, agriculture, and renewable energy

Authors

Brock,  Cameryn
External Organizations;

Roehrdanz,  Patrick R.
External Organizations;

/persons/resource/Tim.Beringer

Beringer,  Tim
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

Chaplin-Kramer,  Rebecca
External Organizations;

Enquist,  Brian J.
External Organizations;

Frazier,  Amy E.
External Organizations;

Johnson,  Justin A.
External Organizations;

Kennedy,  Christina M.
External Organizations;

Kiesecker,  Joseph
External Organizations;

Larsen,  Ashley E.
External Organizations;

Loyola,  Rafael
External Organizations;

Marquet,  Pablo A.
External Organizations;

Neugarten,  Rachel A.
External Organizations;

Oakleaf,  James R.
External Organizations;

Roopsind,  Anand
External Organizations;

Schuster,  Richard
External Organizations;

Williams,  David R.
External Organizations;

Wu,  Grace C.
External Organizations;

Zvoleff,  Alex
External Organizations;

Hannah,  Lee
External Organizations;

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Fulltext (public)

s41467-026-69952-6.pdf
(Publisher version), 3MB

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Citation

Brock, C., Roehrdanz, P. R., Beringer, T., Chaplin-Kramer, R., Enquist, B. J., Frazier, A. E., Johnson, J. A., Kennedy, C. M., Kiesecker, J., Larsen, A. E., Loyola, R., Marquet, P. A., Neugarten, R. A., Oakleaf, J. R., Roopsind, A., Schuster, R., Williams, D. R., Wu, G. C., Zvoleff, A., Hannah, L. (2026): Balancing land use for conservation, agriculture, and renewable energy. - Nature Communications, 17, 3623.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-69952-6


Cite as: https://publications.pik-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_35015
Abstract
Growing demand for food coupled with climate commitments to reduce emissions will result in more land development for agriculture and renewable energy. Simultaneously, conserving land for biodiversity and nature’s contributions to people (NCP) is imperative for achieving international climate, sustainable development, and biodiversity goals. Meeting these interconnected objectives requires efficient land allocation across sectors. Here, we present a flexible, multiple-objective framework for strategically allocating land to mitigate threats to biodiversity and NCP under climate change while supporting development. Application of this framework at a global scale through country-level targets shows that if future development is planned without consideration of nature, demands for land could impact nearly 1 million km2 of high-priority conservation areas. Multi-sector planning can mitigate potential conflict, reducing carbon loss and species exposure. Our findings underscore the need to conserve critical areas for nature, reduce land demand for food and energy, and intentionally coordinate land use across sectors.