Earth beyond six of nine planetary boundaries

Richardson, K.; Steffen, W.; Lucht, Wolfgang; Bendtsen, J.; Cornell, S. E.; Donges, Jonathan Friedemann; Drüke, Markus; Fetzer, I.; Bala, G.; von Bloh, Werner; Feulner, Georg; Fiedler, S.; Gerten, Dieter; Gleeson, T.; Hofmann, Matthias; Huiskamp, Willem Nicholas; Kummu, M.; Mohan, C.; Nogués-Bravo, D.; Petri, Stefan; Porkka, M.; Rahmstorf, Stefan; Schaphoff, Sibyll; Thonicke, Kirsten; Tobian, Arne; Virkki, V.; Wang-Erlandsson, Lan; Weber, L.; Rockström, Johan

doi:10.1126/sciadv.adh2458

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Earth beyond six of nine planetary boundaries

Authors

Richardson, K.
External Organizations;

Steffen, W.
External Organizations;

/persons/resource/Wolfgang.Lucht

Lucht, Wolfgang
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

Bendtsen, J.
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Cornell, S. E.
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/persons/resource/Donges

Donges, Jonathan Friedemann
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

/persons/resource/markus.drueke

Drüke, Markus
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

Fetzer, I.
External Organizations;

Bala, G.
External Organizations;

/persons/resource/Werner.von.Bloh

von Bloh, Werner
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

/persons/resource/Georg.Feulner

Feulner, Georg
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

Fiedler, S.
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/persons/resource/Dieter.Gerten

Gerten, Dieter
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

Gleeson, T.
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/persons/resource/matthias.hofmann

Hofmann, Matthias
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

/persons/resource/Willem.Huiskamp

Huiskamp, Willem Nicholas
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

Kummu, M.
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Mohan, C.
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Nogués-Bravo, D.
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/persons/resource/petri

Petri, Stefan
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

Porkka, M.
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/persons/resource/Stefan.Rahmstorf

Rahmstorf, Stefan
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

/persons/resource/Sibyll.Schaphoff

Schaphoff, Sibyll
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

/persons/resource/Kirsten.Thonicke

Thonicke, Kirsten
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

/persons/resource/Arne.Tobian

Tobian, Arne
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

Virkki, V.
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/persons/resource/lan.wangerlandsson

Wang-Erlandsson, Lan
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

Weber, L.
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/persons/resource/johan.rockstrom

Rockström, Johan
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

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Citation

Richardson, K., Steffen, W., Lucht, W., Bendtsen, J., Cornell, S. E., Donges, J. F., Drüke, M., Fetzer, I., Bala, G., von Bloh, W., Feulner, G., Fiedler, S., Gerten, D., Gleeson, T., Hofmann, M., Huiskamp, W. N., Kummu, M., Mohan, C., Nogués-Bravo, D., Petri, S., Porkka, M., Rahmstorf, S., Schaphoff, S., Thonicke, K., Tobian, A., Virkki, V., Wang-Erlandsson, L., Weber, L., Rockström, J. (2023): Earth beyond six of nine planetary boundaries. - Science Advances, 9, 37, eadh2458.
https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adh2458

Cite as: https://publications.pik-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_28636

Abstract

This planetary boundaries framework update finds that six of the nine boundaries are transgressed, suggesting that Earth is now well outside of the safe operating space for humanity. Ocean acidification is close to being breached, while aerosol loading regionally exceeds the boundary. Stratospheric ozone levels have slightly recovered. The transgression level has increased for all boundaries earlier identified as overstepped. As primary production drives Earth system biosphere functions, human appropriation of net primary production is proposed as a control variable for functional biosphere integrity. This boundary is also transgressed. Earth system modeling of different levels of the transgression of the climate and land system change boundaries illustrates that these anthropogenic impacts on Earth system must be considered in a systemic context.