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A global review of ecological fiscal transfers

Authors

Busch,  Jonah
External Organizations;

Ring,  Irene
External Organizations;

Akullo,  Monique
External Organizations;

Amarjargal,  Oyut
External Organizations;

Borie,  Maud
External Organizations;

Cassola,  Rodrigo S.
External Organizations;

Cruz-Trinidad,  Annabelle
External Organizations;

Droste,  Nils
External Organizations;

Haryanto,  Joko Tri
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Kasymov,  Ulan
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Kotenko,  Nataliia Viktorivna
External Organizations;

Lhkagvadorj,  Ariunaa
External Organizations;

De Paulo,  Felipe Luiz Lima
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May,  Peter H.
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Mukherjee,  Anit
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Mumbunan,  Sonny
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Santos,  Rui
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Tacconi,  Luca
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Verde Selva,  Gracie
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Verma,  Madhu
External Organizations;

/persons/resource/xiaoxi.wang

Wang,  Xiaoxi
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

Yu,  Lu
External Organizations;

Zhou,  Kecen
External Organizations;

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Citation

Busch, J., Ring, I., Akullo, M., Amarjargal, O., Borie, M., Cassola, R. S., Cruz-Trinidad, A., Droste, N., Haryanto, J. T., Kasymov, U., Kotenko, N. V., Lhkagvadorj, A., De Paulo, F. L. L., May, P. H., Mukherjee, A., Mumbunan, S., Santos, R., Tacconi, L., Verde Selva, G., Verma, M., Wang, X., Yu, L., Zhou, K. (2021): A global review of ecological fiscal transfers. - Nature Sustainability, 4, 9, 756-765.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-021-00728-0


Cite as: https://publications.pik-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_25730
Abstract
Ecological fiscal transfers (EFT) transfer public revenue between governments within a country based on ecological indicators. EFT can compensate subnational governments for the costs of conserving ecosystems and in principle can incentivize greater ecological conservation. We review established EFT in Brazil, Portugal, France, China and India, and emerging or proposed EFT in ten more countries. We analyse common themes related to EFT emergence, design and effects. EFT have grown rapidly from US$0.35 billion yr−1 in 2007 to US$23 billion yr−1 in 2020. We discuss the scope of opportunity to expand EFT to other countries by ‘greening’ intergovernmental fiscal transfers.