Measuring tropical rainforest resilience under non-Gaussian disturbances

Benson, Vitus; Donges, Jonathan Friedemann; Boers, Niklas; Hirota, Marina; Morr, Andreas; Staal, Arie; Vollmer, Jürgen; Wunderling, Nico

doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ad1e80

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Measuring tropical rainforest resilience under non-Gaussian disturbances

Authors

/persons/resource/vitus.benson

Benson, Vitus
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

/persons/resource/Donges

Donges, Jonathan Friedemann
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

/persons/resource/Niklas.Boers

Boers, Niklas
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

Hirota, Marina
External Organizations;

/persons/resource/andreas.morr

Morr, Andreas
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

Staal, Arie
External Organizations;

Vollmer, Jürgen
External Organizations;

/persons/resource/Nico.Wunderling

Wunderling, Nico
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

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29493oa.pdf
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引用

Benson, V., Donges, J. F., Boers, N., Hirota, M., Morr, A., Staal, A., Vollmer, J., & Wunderling, N. (2024). Measuring tropical rainforest resilience under non-Gaussian disturbances. Environmental Research Letters, 19(2):. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ad1e80.

引用: https://publications.pik-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_29493

要旨

The Amazon rainforest is considered one of the Earth's tipping elements and may lose stability under ongoing climate change. Recently a decrease in tropical rainforest resilience has been identified globally from remotely sensed vegetation data. However, the underlying theory assumes a Gaussian distribution of forest disturbances, which is different from most observed forest stressors such as fires, deforestation, or windthrow. Those stressors often occur in power-law-like distributions and can be approximated by α-stable Lévy noise. Here, we show that classical critical slowing down indicators to measure changes in forest resilience are robust under such power-law disturbances. To assess the robustness of critical slowing down indicators, we simulate pulse-like perturbations in an adapted and conceptual model of a tropical rainforest. We find few missed early warnings and few false alarms are achievable simultaneously if the following steps are carried out carefully: First, the model must be known to resolve the timescales of the perturbation. Second, perturbations need to be filtered according to their absolute temporal autocorrelation. Third, critical slowing down has to be assessed using the non-parametric Kendall-τ slope. These prerequisites allow for an increase in the sensitivity of early warning signals. Hence, our findings imply improved reliability of the interpretation of empirically estimated rainforest resilience through critical slowing down indicators.